Журнал «Медицина неотложных состояний» Том 22, №2, 2026

Актуальність. Гострий панкреатит (ГП) — гостре запалення підшлункової залози, для якого на сьогодні не існує специфічного лікування. Наявні підходи (протизапальні, антиоксидантні) малоефективні, зокрема через низьку біодоступність і коротку дію препаратів. Це зумовлює потребу в інноваційних методах терапії з адресною доставкою ліків до ураженої залози та мінімізацією побічних ефектів. Нанотехнології постають як перспективна платформа такої таргетної терапії: наноматеріали можуть прицільно доставляти препарати у вогнище запалення та знижувати їх системну токсичність. Метою огляду є аналіз сучасних досліджень застосування нанотехнологій у терапії ГП. Матеріали та методи. Проведено систематичний пошук літератури (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar) за настановами PRISMA 2020. Серед 316 знайдених джерел критеріям включення відповідали 62 дослідження (переважно доклінічні на тваринах) з нанотерапії ГП. Результати. Досліджено широкий спектр нанотерапевтичних підходів при ГП, включно з різними типами наноносіїв (полімерні, ліпідні, вуглецеві, органометалеві, біоміметичні). Нанопрепарати забезпечують адресну доставку ліків, контрольоване вивільнення, підвищення біодоступності та зниження системної токсичності. У моделях ГП нанотерапія продемонструвала потужний протизапальний і антиоксидантний ефект: зменшувала рівні цитокінів, нейтралізувала надлишкові вільні радикали, стабілізувала функцію мітохондрій та захищала ацинарні клітини від ушкодження. Загалом наностратегії поліпшували перебіг ГП в експериментальних моделях і перевершували за ефективністю традиційну терапію. Висновки. Нанотерапія є перспективним підходом до лікування гострого панкреатиту, що забезпечує прецизійний вплив на ключові ланки патогенезу. Огляд підтверджує високий потенціал нанопрепаратів у підвищенні ефективності та безпеки терапії ГП. Водночас подальші масштабні доклінічні дослідження і клінічні випробування необхідні для успішного впровадження цих нанотехнологічних підходів у клінічну практику.

Background. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory condition of the pancreas with no specific therapy. Current pharmacological interventions (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant) have limited efficacy due to low bioavailability, and short half-life. Innovative therapies are needed for targeted drug delivery to the pancreas with minimal side effects. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach to this targeted therapy: nanomaterials can carry drugs to inflamed tissue and reduce off-target toxicity. Objective: analysis of current research on nanotechnology-based therapies for AP. Materials and methods. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (PRISMA 2020 guidelines). Out of 316 identified articles, 62 studies (mostly preclinical on animal models) met the inclusion criteria for nanotechnology-based therapeutic strategies in AP. Results. The included studies covered a broad range of nanotherapeutic approaches for AP, including polymeric, lipid-based, carbon, organometallic, and biomimetic nanocarriers. These nanoformulations enabled targeted drug delivery, controlled release, improved bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity. In experimental AP models, nanotherapies exhibited potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, including reduced inflammatory cytokines, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, stabilization of mitochondrial function and protection of acinar cells from injury. Overall, nanotherapeutic strategies improved outcomes in AP models and often outperformed standard treatment. ­Conclusions. Nanotherapy is a promising approach for precise targeting of key pathogenic pathways in AP. This review confirms the significant potential of nanotechnology to improve the efficacy and safety of AP treatment. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to translate these nanotherapeutic approaches into clinical practice.

гострий панкреатит; нанотехнології; наночастинки; таргетна терапія; наномедицина

acute pancreatitis; nanotechnology; nanoparticles; targeted therapy; nanomedicine

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