Журнал «Здоровье ребенка» Том 21, №7, 2026
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Клінічні та функціональні характеристики дітей із церебральним паралічем: результати дослідження в Киргизькій Республіці
Авторы: N. Erkinbek uulu (1), A. Matkeeva (1), M. Asheraliev (1), B. Mambetalieva (2), A. Eshimbetova (3)
(1) - National Center of Maternity and Childhood Care, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
(2) - International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
(3) - I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Рубрики: Педиатрия/Неонатология
Разделы: Клинические исследования
Версия для печати
Актуальність. Церебральний параліч потребує багатовимірної оцінки функціональних обмежень. Мета: охарактеризувати клінічний і функціональний стан дітей із церебральним паралічем за чотирма системами класифікації та описово узагальнити показники фізичного функціонування відповідно до шкали PedsQL у попередньо визначених групах, що відрізнялися за великою моторикою і мануальними здібностями. Матеріали та методи. Поперечне обсерваційне дослідження охопило 150 пацієнтів (вік 3–17 років) спеціалізованого стаціонарного закладу Киргизької Республіки. Функціональний стан оцінювали за системами класифікації GMFCS (велика моторика), MACS (мануальні здібності), CFCS (комунікація) і EDACS (здатність до прийому їжі та пиття). Показники фізичного функціонування за шкалою PedsQL описово узагальнювали для груп GMFCS I–II порівняно з IV–V та MACS I–II порівняно з IV–V. Результати. Спастичні форми зустрічалися в 72 % випадків, найпоширенішою виявилася спастична диплегія (32 %). Мануальні здібності зберігалися відносно краще, ніж велика моторика, а комунікація була найбільш збереженою функціональною сферою. Між чотирма системами класифікації спостерігалися помірно сильні кореляції (ρ = 0,72–0,79; p < 0,001), хоча 29,3 % пацієнтів мали розбіжності у функціональних профілях. Середні показники фізичного функціонування за PedsQL були нижчими в групах GMFCS IV–V порівняно з I–II (46,9 ± 15,4 бала проти 81,7 ± 12,3 бала), а також MACS IV–V порівняно з I–II (51,3 ± 16,2 бала проти 76,4 ± 13,8 бала). Висновки. Чотири функціональні сфери були пов’язаними, але не взаємозамінними. Окрема оцінка великої моторики, мануальних здібностей, комунікації та здатності їсти i пити дає змогу повніше охарактеризувати функціональний стан дітей із церебральним паралічем.
Background. Cerebral palsy requires multidimensional assessment of functional limitations. This study aimed to characterise the clinical and functional status of children with cerebral palsy across four functional classification systems and to descriptively summarise PedsQL Physical Functioning scores across predefined groups differing in gross motor function and manual ability. Materials and methods. This cross-sectional observational study included 150 patients aged 3–17 years from a specialised inpatient facility in the Kyrgyz Republic. Functional status was assessed using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), Communication Function Classification System, and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System. PedsQL Physical Functioning scores were summarised descriptively for GMFCS I–II versus IV–V and MACS I–II versus IV–V groups. Results. Spastic forms accounted for 72 % of cases, with spastic diplegia being the most common form (32 %). Manual ability was relatively better preserved than gross motor function, while communication was the best-preserved domain. Moderately strong correlations were found between the four classification systems (ρ = 0.72–0.79; p < 0.001), although 29.3 % of patients had discrepant functional profiles. Mean PedsQL Physical Functioning scores were lower at GMFCS IV–V than I–II (46.9 ± 15.4 vs. 81.7 ± 12.3 points) and at MACS IV–V than I–II (51.3 ± 16.2 vs. 76.4 ± 13.8 points). Conclusions. The four functional domains were related but not interchangeable. Separate assessment of gross motor, manual, communication, and eating and drinking abilities provides a more complete functional profile of children with cerebral palsy.
мануальні здібності; обмеження комунікації; дискінетичний церебральний параліч; геміплегічний церебральний параліч; тетраплегічний церебральний параліч
manual ability; communication limitations; dyskinetic cerebral palsy; hemiplegic cerebral palsy; tetraplegic cerebral palsy
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